{"id":6694,"date":"2019-09-13T10:00:25","date_gmt":"2019-09-13T09:00:25","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.facsimilefinder.com\/articles\/?p=6694"},"modified":"2020-01-10T11:09:59","modified_gmt":"2020-01-10T10:09:59","slug":"istanbul-through-the-eyes-of-an-ottoman-miniaturist","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.facsimilefinder.com\/articles\/istanbul-through-the-eyes-of-an-ottoman-miniaturist\/","title":{"rendered":"Istanbul Through the Eyes of an Ottoman Miniaturist"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.facsimilefinder.com\/articles\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/panoramica-1.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"750\" height=\"253\" src=\"https:\/\/www.facsimilefinder.com\/articles\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/panoramica-1-750x253.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-6786\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.facsimilefinder.com\/articles\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/panoramica-1-750x253.jpg 750w, https:\/\/www.facsimilefinder.com\/articles\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/panoramica-1-300x101.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.facsimilefinder.com\/articles\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/panoramica-1-768x259.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.facsimilefinder.com\/articles\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/panoramica-1.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 750px) 100vw, 750px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>The <strong>Menazilname<\/strong>, a 1537 account of Sultan the Magnificent&#8217;s Iraqi campaign, is <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.facsimilefinder.com\/facsimiles\/menazilname-facsimile\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" aria-label=\"a splendid example of manuscript art (opens in a new tab)\">a splendid example of manuscript art<\/a><\/strong> from the Ottoman era. Its historical narrative in Turkish language and <strong>107&nbsp;elaborate miniature paintings <\/strong>by Bosniak historian <strong>Matrak\u00e7\u0131 Nasuh<\/strong> portray dozens of cities with the utmost accuracy. To find out more, scroll down to the end of the page!<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>And now, put on your walking shoes and let&#8217;s start our tour!<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.google.com\/maps\/d\/edit?mid=1yCtgSOmok0m-sbnnAc3m5kIDHy5Jq6At&amp;ll=41.01082605592415%2C28.960315426825446&amp;z=14\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"750\" height=\"306\" src=\"https:\/\/www.facsimilefinder.com\/articles\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Schermata-2019-09-09-alle-09.02.21-750x306.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-6783\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.facsimilefinder.com\/articles\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Schermata-2019-09-09-alle-09.02.21-750x306.png 750w, https:\/\/www.facsimilefinder.com\/articles\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Schermata-2019-09-09-alle-09.02.21-300x122.png 300w, https:\/\/www.facsimilefinder.com\/articles\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Schermata-2019-09-09-alle-09.02.21-768x313.png 768w, https:\/\/www.facsimilefinder.com\/articles\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Schermata-2019-09-09-alle-09.02.21.png 1023w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 750px) 100vw, 750px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Don&#8217;t be afraid to get lost: our <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.google.com\/maps\/d\/edit?mid=1yCtgSOmok0m-sbnnAc3m5kIDHy5Jq6At&amp;ll=41.01082605592415%2C28.960315426825446&amp;z=14\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" aria-label=\"interactive map (opens in a new tab)\">interactive map<\/a><\/strong> will guide you to the main sights in 16th-century Constantinople.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" style=\"text-align:center\">Hagia Sophia<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-gallery columns-2 is-cropped wp-block-gallery-1 is-layout-flex wp-block-gallery-is-layout-flex\"><li class=\"blocks-gallery-item\"><figure><a href=\"https:\/\/www.facsimilefinder.com\/articles\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Hagia-Sophia-and-Gu\u0308ngo\u0308rmez-Church-750x561.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"750\" height=\"561\" src=\"https:\/\/www.facsimilefinder.com\/articles\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Hagia-Sophia-and-Gu\u0308ngo\u0308rmez-Church-750x561.jpg\" alt=\"\" data-id=\"6748\" class=\"wp-image-6748\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.facsimilefinder.com\/articles\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Hagia-Sophia-and-Gu\u0308ngo\u0308rmez-Church-750x561.jpg 750w, https:\/\/www.facsimilefinder.com\/articles\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Hagia-Sophia-and-Gu\u0308ngo\u0308rmez-Church-300x224.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.facsimilefinder.com\/articles\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Hagia-Sophia-and-Gu\u0308ngo\u0308rmez-Church-768x574.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.facsimilefinder.com\/articles\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Hagia-Sophia-and-Gu\u0308ngo\u0308rmez-Church.jpg 1784w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 750px) 100vw, 750px\" \/><\/a><\/figure><\/li><li class=\"blocks-gallery-item\"><figure><a href=\"https:\/\/www.facsimilefinder.com\/articles\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/hagia-sophia-1456918_960_720-750x525.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"750\" height=\"525\" src=\"https:\/\/www.facsimilefinder.com\/articles\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/hagia-sophia-1456918_960_720-750x525.jpg\" alt=\"\" data-id=\"6749\" data-link=\"https:\/\/www.facsimilefinder.com\/articles\/?attachment_id=6749\" class=\"wp-image-6749\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.facsimilefinder.com\/articles\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/hagia-sophia-1456918_960_720-750x525.jpg 750w, https:\/\/www.facsimilefinder.com\/articles\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/hagia-sophia-1456918_960_720-300x210.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.facsimilefinder.com\/articles\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/hagia-sophia-1456918_960_720-768x538.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.facsimilefinder.com\/articles\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/hagia-sophia-1456918_960_720.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 750px) 100vw, 750px\" \/><\/a><\/figure><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>The first monument that catches our eye in the intricate web of streets is <strong>Hagia Sophia<\/strong>, an ochre building between <strong>Topkap\u0131 Palace<\/strong> and the <strong>Hippodrome<\/strong>. But the mosque <strong>Matrak\u00e7\u0131 Nasuh<\/strong> was familiar with is different from the one tourists now admire in bustling Istanbul.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Sultan Selim II (1566-1574) built <strong>two large minarets<\/strong> in the western area, added a sultan&#8217;s lodge and a <strong>mausoleum<\/strong>, and had a <strong>golden crescent<\/strong> installed on the top of the dome. In the 18th century, Sultan Mahmud I transformed the area into a social complex by ordering the construction of a <strong>Koranic school<\/strong> (<em>medrese<\/em>), a <strong>soup kitchen<\/strong> (<em>Imaret<\/em>), a <strong>library<\/strong>, and a <strong>fountain<\/strong> for ritual ceremonies (<em>\u015eadirvan<\/em>).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The magnificent building, converted into a mosque in 1453, underwent<strong> major restoration<\/strong> between 1847 and 1849 and was transformed into a <strong>museum<\/strong> in 1935 by the founder of the Republic of Turkey, <strong>Mustafa Kemal Atat\u00fcrk<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>And can you see the red-brick building close to Hagia Sophia? It is <strong>G\u00fcng\u00f6rmez Church<\/strong>, a monument which has not survived until today.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" style=\"text-align:center\">Topkap\u0131 Palace<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.facsimilefinder.com\/articles\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/7-collage2.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"750\" height=\"436\" src=\"https:\/\/www.facsimilefinder.com\/articles\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/7-collage2-750x436.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-6816\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.facsimilefinder.com\/articles\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/7-collage2-750x436.jpg 750w, https:\/\/www.facsimilefinder.com\/articles\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/7-collage2-300x175.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.facsimilefinder.com\/articles\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/7-collage2-768x447.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 750px) 100vw, 750px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Close to Hagia Sophia is <strong>Topkap\u0131 Palace<\/strong>, which Nasuh took great care in representing. On the very right is the <strong>Imperial Gate<\/strong> (B\u00e2b-i H\u00fcm\u00e2y\u00fbn), whose windows and door arch are blue to show that they were kept open during <strong>Suleiman the Magnificent<\/strong>&#8216;s reign: from dawn to dusk, anyone could enter this court on horseback \u2013 the gate was opened for morning prayer and closed at evening prayer.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The <strong>Gate of Salutation <\/strong>(B\u00e2b\u00fcssel\u00e2m) was depicted by Nasuh almost on the same axis as the Imperial Gate. And even though the third court of Topkap\u0131 Palace is on the axis of the two other courts, Nasuh represented it on the side and colored it in <strong>blue<\/strong>, possibly to underline its importance. The&nbsp;<strong>k\u00f6\u015fk<\/strong> in the middle of the court was built for <strong>Sultan&nbsp;Bayezid I<\/strong> and later demolished. Presumably, the seven towers surrounding the court portray the original seven-tower structure of <strong>Topkap\u0131 Palace<\/strong>. Below the k\u00f6\u015fk is the <strong>Gate of Felicity <\/strong>(Bab\u00fc&#8217;s-Saade).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In the 16th century, the <strong>Tower of Justice<\/strong> was enclosed by red-colored lattices. The narrow building just below it is the <strong>Harem<\/strong>, which has not been depicted in detail in later miniature paintings due to its private character.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" style=\"text-align:center\">Hippodrome<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-gallery columns-2 is-cropped wp-block-gallery-2 is-layout-flex wp-block-gallery-is-layout-flex\"><li class=\"blocks-gallery-item\"><figure><a href=\"https:\/\/www.facsimilefinder.com\/articles\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Hippodrome-and-I\u0307brahim-Pasha-Palace-750x561.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"750\" height=\"561\" src=\"https:\/\/www.facsimilefinder.com\/articles\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Hippodrome-and-I\u0307brahim-Pasha-Palace-750x561.jpg\" alt=\"\" data-id=\"6755\" data-link=\"https:\/\/www.facsimilefinder.com\/articles\/?attachment_id=6755\" class=\"wp-image-6755\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.facsimilefinder.com\/articles\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Hippodrome-and-I\u0307brahim-Pasha-Palace-750x561.jpg 750w, https:\/\/www.facsimilefinder.com\/articles\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Hippodrome-and-I\u0307brahim-Pasha-Palace-300x224.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.facsimilefinder.com\/articles\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Hippodrome-and-I\u0307brahim-Pasha-Palace-768x574.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 750px) 100vw, 750px\" \/><\/a><\/figure><\/li><li class=\"blocks-gallery-item\"><figure><a href=\"https:\/\/www.facsimilefinder.com\/articles\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Hippodrome_of_Constantinople_1.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"611\" height=\"489\" src=\"https:\/\/www.facsimilefinder.com\/articles\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Hippodrome_of_Constantinople_1.jpg\" alt=\"\" data-id=\"6756\" data-link=\"https:\/\/www.facsimilefinder.com\/articles\/?attachment_id=6756\" class=\"wp-image-6756\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.facsimilefinder.com\/articles\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Hippodrome_of_Constantinople_1.jpg 611w, https:\/\/www.facsimilefinder.com\/articles\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Hippodrome_of_Constantinople_1-300x240.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 611px) 100vw, 611px\" \/><\/a><\/figure><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>On the edge of the land, near the Bosphorus, is the <strong>Hippodrome<\/strong> with its eight columns, among which are the <strong>Stone Column<\/strong>, the <strong>Serpent Column<\/strong>, and the <strong>Egyptian Obelisk<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Below the Hippodrome is <strong>\u0130brahim Pasha Palace<\/strong>, which Nasuh depicted from <strong>various angles<\/strong>, and even changed the position of some elements: the <strong>council hall<\/strong> and<strong> raised platform<\/strong> are represented on the right side of the palace, although they are located on the left.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>This allowed the artist to show all the parts he thought most important \u2013 if he had portrayed the palace from a single angle, he would not have been able to achieve this result. The <strong>roof<\/strong> of the <strong>\u0130brahim Pasha Palace<\/strong>, which was originally painted <strong>silver<\/strong> to underline its importance, has turned black due to oxidation. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator\"\/>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"alignleft\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.facsimilefinder.com\/articles\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Hartmann_Schedel_001.png\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"711\" height=\"759\" src=\"https:\/\/www.facsimilefinder.com\/articles\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Hartmann_Schedel_001.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-6800\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.facsimilefinder.com\/articles\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Hartmann_Schedel_001.png 711w, https:\/\/www.facsimilefinder.com\/articles\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Hartmann_Schedel_001-300x320.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 711px) 100vw, 711px\" \/><\/a><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Believe it or not, we found another illustration of Constantinople in one of our manuscripts! It belongs to the <strong>Nuremberg Chronicles<\/strong>, a 596-page long <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.facsimilefinder.com\/facsimiles\/weltchronik-the-chronicles-of-nuremberg-facsimile\">incunabulum<\/a><\/strong> by German humanist <strong>Hartmann Schledel<\/strong> which tells world history from the Creation until the discovery of America.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Published in 1493, the volume depicts <strong>G\u00fcng\u00f6rmez Church<\/strong> \u2013 a building also portrayed by Matrak\u00e7\u0131 Nasuh, but which has not survived until today \u2013 struck by lightning in 1490, with a partial view of <strong>Topkapi Palace<\/strong>, the <strong>Hippodrome<\/strong>, and <strong>Hagia Sophia<\/strong>. Now that you have become familiar with Istanbul&#8217;s history, can you recognize all of them?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" style=\"text-align:center\"><strong>The Menazilname: a vibrant journey through time and space<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>If we consider Sultan Suleiman&#8217;s Iraqi campaign, Istanbul is only the departure point. And if we look at the Menazilname manuscript, everything you read in this post only refers to<strong> two folios<\/strong>! (8r. and 9v.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The Ottoman troops&#8217; journey to Western Asia is long, and there is a lot more to see: so many <strong>deserts<\/strong> to cross, so many different <strong>architectural styles <\/strong>to admire, and so many <strong>cities<\/strong> to discover! (<strong>Baghdad<\/strong>, <strong>Tabriz<\/strong>, and <strong>Aleppo<\/strong>, just to name a few).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" aria-label=\" (opens in a new tab)\" href=\"https:\/\/www.facsimilefinder.com\/articles\/on-the-footsteps-of-an-ottoman-sultan\/\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>Continue the adventure!<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.facsimilefinder.com\/articles\/on-the-footsteps-of-an-ottoman-sultan\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"750\" height=\"400\" src=\"https:\/\/www.facsimilefinder.com\/articles\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Schermata-2019-09-26-alle-10.05.05-750x400.png\" alt=\"Map of Sultan Suleiman's Iraqi Campaign\" class=\"wp-image-6936\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.facsimilefinder.com\/articles\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Schermata-2019-09-26-alle-10.05.05-750x400.png 750w, https:\/\/www.facsimilefinder.com\/articles\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Schermata-2019-09-26-alle-10.05.05-300x160.png 300w, https:\/\/www.facsimilefinder.com\/articles\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Schermata-2019-09-26-alle-10.05.05-768x410.png 768w, https:\/\/www.facsimilefinder.com\/articles\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Schermata-2019-09-26-alle-10.05.05.png 1352w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 750px) 100vw, 750px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-gallery columns-3 is-cropped wp-block-gallery-3 is-layout-flex wp-block-gallery-is-layout-flex\"><li class=\"blocks-gallery-item\"><figure><a href=\"https:\/\/www.facsimilefinder.com\/articles\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/menazilname-facsimile-edition-01-750x500.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"750\" height=\"500\" src=\"https:\/\/www.facsimilefinder.com\/articles\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/menazilname-facsimile-edition-01-750x500.jpg\" alt=\"Detail of the Menazilname\" data-id=\"6821\" data-link=\"https:\/\/www.facsimilefinder.com\/articles\/?attachment_id=6821\" class=\"wp-image-6821\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.facsimilefinder.com\/articles\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/menazilname-facsimile-edition-01-750x500.jpg 750w, https:\/\/www.facsimilefinder.com\/articles\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/menazilname-facsimile-edition-01-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.facsimilefinder.com\/articles\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/menazilname-facsimile-edition-01-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.facsimilefinder.com\/articles\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/menazilname-facsimile-edition-01.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 750px) 100vw, 750px\" \/><\/a><\/figure><\/li><li class=\"blocks-gallery-item\"><figure><a href=\"https:\/\/www.facsimilefinder.com\/articles\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/menazilname-facsimile-edition-03-750x500.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"750\" height=\"500\" src=\"https:\/\/www.facsimilefinder.com\/articles\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/menazilname-facsimile-edition-03-750x500.jpg\" alt=\"Detail of the Menazilname\" data-id=\"6823\" data-link=\"https:\/\/www.facsimilefinder.com\/articles\/?attachment_id=6823\" class=\"wp-image-6823\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.facsimilefinder.com\/articles\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/menazilname-facsimile-edition-03-750x500.jpg 750w, https:\/\/www.facsimilefinder.com\/articles\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/menazilname-facsimile-edition-03-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.facsimilefinder.com\/articles\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/menazilname-facsimile-edition-03-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.facsimilefinder.com\/articles\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/menazilname-facsimile-edition-03.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 750px) 100vw, 750px\" \/><\/a><\/figure><\/li><li class=\"blocks-gallery-item\"><figure><a href=\"https:\/\/www.facsimilefinder.com\/articles\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/menazilname-facsimile-edition-02-750x500.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"750\" height=\"500\" src=\"https:\/\/www.facsimilefinder.com\/articles\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/menazilname-facsimile-edition-02-750x500.jpg\" alt=\"Detail of the Menazilname\" data-id=\"6822\" data-link=\"https:\/\/www.facsimilefinder.com\/articles\/?attachment_id=6822\" class=\"wp-image-6822\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.facsimilefinder.com\/articles\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/menazilname-facsimile-edition-02-750x500.jpg 750w, https:\/\/www.facsimilefinder.com\/articles\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/menazilname-facsimile-edition-02-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.facsimilefinder.com\/articles\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/menazilname-facsimile-edition-02-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.facsimilefinder.com\/articles\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/menazilname-facsimile-edition-02.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 750px) 100vw, 750px\" \/><\/a><\/figure><\/li><\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>If you ever wondered what Constantinople looked like in the 16th century, check out this Ottoman-era manuscript, as kaleidoscopic as the city itself. You can even compare past and present with our interactive map!<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":20,"featured_media":6837,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[6],"tags":[341,221,422,420,421,417,425,424,418,416,419,423],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v22.9 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Istanbul Through the Eyes of an Ottoman Miniaturist<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.facsimilefinder.com\/articles\/istanbul-through-the-eyes-of-an-ottoman-miniaturist\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Istanbul Through the Eyes of an Ottoman Miniaturist\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"If you ever wondered what Constantinople looked like in the 16th century, check out this Ottoman-era manuscript, as kaleidoscopic as the city itself. You can even compare past and present with our interactive map!\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facsimilefinder.com\/articles\/istanbul-through-the-eyes-of-an-ottoman-miniaturist\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Facsimile Finder Blog\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"http:\/\/www.facebook.com\/FacsimileFinder\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2019-09-13T09:00:25+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2020-01-10T10:09:59+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facsimilefinder.com\/articles\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/melazilname.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1200\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"800\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Sarah B.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta 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