{"id":6099,"date":"2019-06-28T08:14:11","date_gmt":"2019-06-28T07:14:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.facsimilefinder.com\/articles\/?p=6099"},"modified":"2019-07-26T11:48:13","modified_gmt":"2019-07-26T10:48:13","slug":"wolfenbuettel-library","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.facsimilefinder.com\/articles\/wolfenbuettel-library\/","title":{"rendered":"A Beacon of Culture"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.facsimilefinder.com\/articles\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/Herzog_August_Bibliothek_-Wolfenbu\u0308ttel_IMG_1422.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"750\" height=\"375\" src=\"https:\/\/www.facsimilefinder.com\/articles\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/Herzog_August_Bibliothek_-Wolfenbu\u0308ttel_IMG_1422-2-750x375.jpg\" alt=\"The Herzog August Bibliothek in Wolfenb\u00fcttel\" class=\"wp-image-6148\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.facsimilefinder.com\/articles\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/Herzog_August_Bibliothek_-Wolfenbu\u0308ttel_IMG_1422-2-750x375.jpg 750w, https:\/\/www.facsimilefinder.com\/articles\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/Herzog_August_Bibliothek_-Wolfenbu\u0308ttel_IMG_1422-2-300x150.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.facsimilefinder.com\/articles\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/Herzog_August_Bibliothek_-Wolfenbu\u0308ttel_IMG_1422-2-768x384.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.facsimilefinder.com\/articles\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/Herzog_August_Bibliothek_-Wolfenbu\u0308ttel_IMG_1422-2.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 750px) 100vw, 750px\" \/><\/a><figcaption>The Herzog August Bibliothek in Wolfenb\u00fcttel<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>With its 400,000 works published before 1830 and 12,000 manuscripts, the <strong>Herzog August Bibliothek in Wolfenb\u00fcttel<\/strong>, Lower Saxony, is a reminder of the frenzied bibliophily of the <strong>dukes of Brunswick-L\u00fcneburg<\/strong>, who in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries turned their collection into the most important library in Europe.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator is-style-wide\"\/>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator is-style-wide\"\/>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-gallery columns-3 is-cropped wp-block-gallery-1 is-layout-flex wp-block-gallery-is-layout-flex\"><li class=\"blocks-gallery-item\"><figure><a href=\"https:\/\/www.facsimilefinder.com\/articles\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/gospels-henry-lion-facsimile-edition-02-750x500.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"750\" height=\"500\" src=\"https:\/\/www.facsimilefinder.com\/articles\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/gospels-henry-lion-facsimile-edition-02-750x500.jpg\" alt=\"Detail of the Gospels of Henry the Lion\" data-id=\"6104\" data-link=\"https:\/\/www.facsimilefinder.com\/articles\/?attachment_id=6104\" class=\"wp-image-6104\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.facsimilefinder.com\/articles\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/gospels-henry-lion-facsimile-edition-02-750x500.jpg 750w, https:\/\/www.facsimilefinder.com\/articles\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/gospels-henry-lion-facsimile-edition-02-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.facsimilefinder.com\/articles\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/gospels-henry-lion-facsimile-edition-02-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.facsimilefinder.com\/articles\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/gospels-henry-lion-facsimile-edition-02.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 750px) 100vw, 750px\" \/><\/a><\/figure><\/li><li class=\"blocks-gallery-item\"><figure><a href=\"https:\/\/www.facsimilefinder.com\/articles\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/gospels-henry-lion-facsimile-edition-01-750x500.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"750\" height=\"500\" src=\"https:\/\/www.facsimilefinder.com\/articles\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/gospels-henry-lion-facsimile-edition-01-750x500.jpg\" alt=\"Detail of the Gospels of Henry the Lion\" data-id=\"6110\" data-link=\"https:\/\/www.facsimilefinder.com\/articles\/?attachment_id=6110\" class=\"wp-image-6110\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.facsimilefinder.com\/articles\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/gospels-henry-lion-facsimile-edition-01-750x500.jpg 750w, https:\/\/www.facsimilefinder.com\/articles\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/gospels-henry-lion-facsimile-edition-01-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.facsimilefinder.com\/articles\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/gospels-henry-lion-facsimile-edition-01-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.facsimilefinder.com\/articles\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/gospels-henry-lion-facsimile-edition-01.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 750px) 100vw, 750px\" \/><\/a><\/figure><\/li><li class=\"blocks-gallery-item\"><figure><a href=\"https:\/\/www.facsimilefinder.com\/articles\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/gospels-henry-lion-facsimile-edition-05-750x500.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"750\" height=\"500\" src=\"https:\/\/www.facsimilefinder.com\/articles\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/gospels-henry-lion-facsimile-edition-05-750x500.jpg\" alt=\"Detail of the Gospels of Henry the Lion\" data-id=\"6106\" data-link=\"https:\/\/www.facsimilefinder.com\/articles\/?attachment_id=6106\" class=\"wp-image-6106\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.facsimilefinder.com\/articles\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/gospels-henry-lion-facsimile-edition-05-750x500.jpg 750w, https:\/\/www.facsimilefinder.com\/articles\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/gospels-henry-lion-facsimile-edition-05-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.facsimilefinder.com\/articles\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/gospels-henry-lion-facsimile-edition-05-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.facsimilefinder.com\/articles\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/gospels-henry-lion-facsimile-edition-05.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 750px) 100vw, 750px\" \/><\/a><\/figure><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"text-align:center\">The <strong>Gospels of Henry the Lion<\/strong>, one of the most lavish examples of Romanesque illumination, is <a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" aria-label=\"one of the treasures (opens in a new tab)\" href=\"https:\/\/www.facsimilefinder.com\/facsimiles\/gospels-henry-lion-facsimile\" target=\"_blank\">one of the treasures<\/a> kept in the Wolfenb\u00fcttel library.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator is-style-wide\"\/>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator is-style-wide\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p>For centuries the feather in the cap of the duchy, which held court in the Saxon town from 1283 until 1754, this institution was <strong>one of the beacons of European culture<\/strong> in times of war and famine, managing to embody in an unbiased way both the <strong>Protestant spirit<\/strong> which set it up and the stimulating search for reason of the best of the <strong>Continental Enlightenment<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A treasure waiting to be discovered, the library was officially founded in 1572 by <strong>Duke Julius <\/strong>(1528-1589), who began acquiring books after a trip to France around the mid-sixteenth century. But it was still a <strong>private collection<\/strong>, consultable upon request, and remained so for many years. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>His successor, <strong>Heinrich Julius<\/strong> (1564-1613), continued to add to his father\u2019s collection, such that in 1597 he bought a considerable number of prints and 165 manuscripts from the residence of the controversial reformist theologian Matthias Flacius Illyricus, including <em>Capitolare de Villis <\/em>by Charlemagne, dated to between 830 and 850.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator is-style-wide\"\/>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator is-style-wide\"\/>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-gallery columns-2 is-cropped wp-block-gallery-2 is-layout-flex wp-block-gallery-is-layout-flex\"><li class=\"blocks-gallery-item\"><figure><a href=\"https:\/\/www.facsimilefinder.com\/articles\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/reichenau-pericopes-book-facsimile-edition-03-750x500.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"750\" height=\"500\" src=\"https:\/\/www.facsimilefinder.com\/articles\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/reichenau-pericopes-book-facsimile-edition-03-750x500.jpg\" alt=\"Detail of the Reichenau Pericopes Book\" data-id=\"6114\" data-link=\"https:\/\/www.facsimilefinder.com\/articles\/?attachment_id=6114\" class=\"wp-image-6114\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.facsimilefinder.com\/articles\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/reichenau-pericopes-book-facsimile-edition-03-750x500.jpg 750w, https:\/\/www.facsimilefinder.com\/articles\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/reichenau-pericopes-book-facsimile-edition-03-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.facsimilefinder.com\/articles\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/reichenau-pericopes-book-facsimile-edition-03-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.facsimilefinder.com\/articles\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/reichenau-pericopes-book-facsimile-edition-03.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 750px) 100vw, 750px\" \/><\/a><\/figure><\/li><li class=\"blocks-gallery-item\"><figure><a href=\"https:\/\/www.facsimilefinder.com\/articles\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/reichenau-pericopes-book-facsimile-edition-05-750x500.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"750\" height=\"500\" src=\"https:\/\/www.facsimilefinder.com\/articles\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/reichenau-pericopes-book-facsimile-edition-05-750x500.jpg\" alt=\"Detail of the Reichenau Pericopes Book\" data-id=\"6115\" data-link=\"https:\/\/www.facsimilefinder.com\/articles\/?attachment_id=6115\" class=\"wp-image-6115\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.facsimilefinder.com\/articles\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/reichenau-pericopes-book-facsimile-edition-05-750x500.jpg 750w, https:\/\/www.facsimilefinder.com\/articles\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/reichenau-pericopes-book-facsimile-edition-05-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.facsimilefinder.com\/articles\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/reichenau-pericopes-book-facsimile-edition-05-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.facsimilefinder.com\/articles\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/reichenau-pericopes-book-facsimile-edition-05.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 750px) 100vw, 750px\" \/><\/a><\/figure><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"text-align:center\">The <strong>Reichenau Pericopes Book<\/strong>, with its <a href=\"https:\/\/www.facsimilefinder.com\/facsimiles\/reichenau-pericopes-book-facsimile\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" aria-label=\"magnificent illuminations (opens in a new tab)\">magnificent illuminations<\/a>, is stored in the Wolfenb\u00fcttel library.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator is-style-wide\"\/>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator is-style-wide\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p>The reigning dynasty, however, knew how to get a <strong>wider diffusion of knowledge<\/strong>, and thus Duke Friederich Ulrich (1591-1634) supplied the University of Helmstedt, of strongly Protestant persuasion, with a substantial heritage of texts in 1618; they were then returned to the parent library in 1815, after the university closed a few years earlier.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Despite its previous history, the library owes its name to <strong>Duke August the younger <\/strong>(1579-1666), one of the greatest collectors of his day who expanded it massively and made it <strong>public and accessible<\/strong> until his death. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator is-style-wide\"\/>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator is-style-wide\"\/>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-gallery columns-3 is-cropped wp-block-gallery-3 is-layout-flex wp-block-gallery-is-layout-flex\"><li class=\"blocks-gallery-item\"><figure><a href=\"https:\/\/www.facsimilefinder.com\/articles\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/wolfenbuettel-mirror-of-saxony-facsimile-edition-03-750x500.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"750\" height=\"500\" src=\"https:\/\/www.facsimilefinder.com\/articles\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/wolfenbuettel-mirror-of-saxony-facsimile-edition-03-750x500.jpg\" alt=\"Detail of the Wolfenb\u00fcttel Mirror of Saxony\" data-id=\"6118\" data-link=\"https:\/\/www.facsimilefinder.com\/articles\/?attachment_id=6118\" class=\"wp-image-6118\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.facsimilefinder.com\/articles\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/wolfenbuettel-mirror-of-saxony-facsimile-edition-03-750x500.jpg 750w, https:\/\/www.facsimilefinder.com\/articles\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/wolfenbuettel-mirror-of-saxony-facsimile-edition-03-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.facsimilefinder.com\/articles\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/wolfenbuettel-mirror-of-saxony-facsimile-edition-03-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.facsimilefinder.com\/articles\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/wolfenbuettel-mirror-of-saxony-facsimile-edition-03.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 750px) 100vw, 750px\" \/><\/a><\/figure><\/li><li class=\"blocks-gallery-item\"><figure><a href=\"https:\/\/www.facsimilefinder.com\/articles\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/wolfenbuettel-mirror-of-saxony-facsimile-edition-01-750x500.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"750\" height=\"500\" src=\"https:\/\/www.facsimilefinder.com\/articles\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/wolfenbuettel-mirror-of-saxony-facsimile-edition-01-750x500.jpg\" alt=\"Detail of the Wolfenb\u00fcttel Mirror of Saxony\" data-id=\"6138\" data-link=\"https:\/\/www.facsimilefinder.com\/articles\/?attachment_id=6138\" class=\"wp-image-6138\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.facsimilefinder.com\/articles\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/wolfenbuettel-mirror-of-saxony-facsimile-edition-01-750x500.jpg 750w, https:\/\/www.facsimilefinder.com\/articles\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/wolfenbuettel-mirror-of-saxony-facsimile-edition-01-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.facsimilefinder.com\/articles\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/wolfenbuettel-mirror-of-saxony-facsimile-edition-01-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.facsimilefinder.com\/articles\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/wolfenbuettel-mirror-of-saxony-facsimile-edition-01.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 750px) 100vw, 750px\" \/><\/a><\/figure><\/li><li class=\"blocks-gallery-item\"><figure><a href=\"https:\/\/www.facsimilefinder.com\/articles\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/wolfenbuettel-mirror-of-saxony-facsimile-edition-05-1-750x500.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"750\" height=\"500\" src=\"https:\/\/www.facsimilefinder.com\/articles\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/wolfenbuettel-mirror-of-saxony-facsimile-edition-05-1-750x500.jpg\" alt=\"Detail of the Wolfenb\u00fcttel Mirror of Saxony\" data-id=\"6140\" data-link=\"https:\/\/www.facsimilefinder.com\/articles\/?attachment_id=6140\" class=\"wp-image-6140\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.facsimilefinder.com\/articles\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/wolfenbuettel-mirror-of-saxony-facsimile-edition-05-1-750x500.jpg 750w, https:\/\/www.facsimilefinder.com\/articles\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/wolfenbuettel-mirror-of-saxony-facsimile-edition-05-1-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.facsimilefinder.com\/articles\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/wolfenbuettel-mirror-of-saxony-facsimile-edition-05-1-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.facsimilefinder.com\/articles\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/wolfenbuettel-mirror-of-saxony-facsimile-edition-05-1.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 750px) 100vw, 750px\" \/><\/a><\/figure><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"text-align:center\">The <a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/www.facsimilefinder.com\/facsimiles\/wolfenbuettel-mirror-of-saxony-facsimile\" target=\"_blank\">Wolfenb\u00fcttel Mirror of Saxony<\/a> was purchased by the <strong>Duke of Brunswick-L\u00fcneburg<\/strong>, founder of the second and permanent library in <strong>Wolfenb\u00fcttel<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator is-style-wide\"\/>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator is-style-wide\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p>Text written by <strong>Daniele Guernelli <\/strong>for Alumina \u2014 Pagine Miniate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" aria-label=\"Subscribe to Alumina (opens in a new tab)\" href=\"https:\/\/www.facsimilefinder.com\/articles\/abbonamento-alumina\/\" target=\"_blank\">Subscribe to Alumina<\/a> today!<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p><a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" aria-label=\"Take a peek (opens in a new tab)\" href=\"https:\/\/www.facsimilefinder.com\/search\/repository\/88-Herzog-August-Bibliothek\" target=\"_blank\">Take a peek<\/a> at the facsimile editions of manuscripts stored in this historical library!<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>If you are a book lover, you cannot miss this Alumina article about the Herzog August Bibliothek in Wolfenb\u00fcttel, whose vast collection has remained untouched for over four hundred years.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":12,"featured_media":6439,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[4],"tags":[163,362,365,359,363,360,358,361,364,367,366],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v22.9 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>A Beacon of Culture<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.facsimilefinder.com\/articles\/wolfenbuettel-library\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"A Beacon of Culture\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"If you are a book lover, you cannot miss this Alumina article about the Herzog August Bibliothek in Wolfenb\u00fcttel, whose vast collection has remained untouched for over four hundred years.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facsimilefinder.com\/articles\/wolfenbuettel-library\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Facsimile Finder Blog\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"http:\/\/www.facebook.com\/FacsimileFinder\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2019-06-28T07:14:11+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2019-07-26T10:48:13+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facsimilefinder.com\/articles\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/Herzog_August_Bibliothek_-Wolfenbu\u0308ttel_IMG_1422-2-1.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"894\" 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class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.facsimilefinder.com\/articles\/wolfenbuettel-library\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.facsimilefinder.com\/articles\/wolfenbuettel-library\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Alumina\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.facsimilefinder.com\/articles\/#\/schema\/person\/13c92feed7dd98a4e8f2ba5146276749\"},\"headline\":\"A Beacon of 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