{"id":5035,"date":"2018-09-10T09:30:05","date_gmt":"2018-09-10T08:30:05","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.facsimilefinder.com\/articles\/?p=5035"},"modified":"2019-07-26T11:57:29","modified_gmt":"2019-07-26T10:57:29","slug":"library-federico-da-montefeltro","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.facsimilefinder.com\/articles\/library-federico-da-montefeltro\/","title":{"rendered":"The Library of Federico da Montefeltro"},"content":{"rendered":"<figure id=\"attachment_5058\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" ><a href=\"https:\/\/www.facsimilefinder.com\/articles\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/11\/Piero_Double_portrait_of_the_Dukes_of_Urbino_02_480.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-5058\" src=\"https:\/\/www.facsimilefinder.com\/articles\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/11\/Piero_Double_portrait_of_the_Dukes_of_Urbino_02_480.jpg\" alt=\"Profile portrait of Federico da Montefeltro\" width=\"400\" height=\"568\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.facsimilefinder.com\/articles\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/11\/Piero_Double_portrait_of_the_Dukes_of_Urbino_02_480.jpg 480w, https:\/\/www.facsimilefinder.com\/articles\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/11\/Piero_Double_portrait_of_the_Dukes_of_Urbino_02_480-211x300.jpg 211w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Profile portrait of Federico da Montefeltro<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>As many of you may know, the town of Urbino (a few km away from San Marino) was home to <strong>Federico da Montefeltro<\/strong> (7 June 1422 &#8211; 10 September 1482), a <em>condottiero<\/em>, a duke, and a patron of Renaissance.<\/p>\n<p>To the latter role, we owe the creation of one of the most interesting and fascinating manuscript collections, which has survived almost entirely until modern times.<\/p>\n<p>So we thought you might enjoy knowing a little more about him and his outstanding library, which reflects his artistic tastes as much as his personal and political history.<\/p>\n<div class=\"block-hl centre\"><span class=\"block-hl-line\"><\/span><strong>Federico da Montefeltro was a condottiero, a duke, and a patron of Renaissance<\/strong><span class=\"block-hl-line\"><\/span><\/div>\n<figure id=\"attachment_5057\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" ><a href=\"https:\/\/www.facsimilefinder.com\/articles\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/11\/Palazzo_Ducale_Urbino.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-5057 size-large\" src=\"https:\/\/www.facsimilefinder.com\/articles\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/11\/Palazzo_Ducale_Urbino-1024x602.jpg\" alt=\"View of the Palazzo Ducale in Urbino\" width=\"1024\" height=\"602\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.facsimilefinder.com\/articles\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/11\/Palazzo_Ducale_Urbino-1024x602.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.facsimilefinder.com\/articles\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/11\/Palazzo_Ducale_Urbino-300x176.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.facsimilefinder.com\/articles\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/11\/Palazzo_Ducale_Urbino-768x451.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">View of the Palazzo Ducale in Urbino<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<figure id=\"attachment_5063\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" ><a href=\"https:\/\/www.facsimilefinder.com\/articles\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/11\/Studiolo_Montefeltre.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-5063 size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/www.facsimilefinder.com\/articles\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/11\/Studiolo_Montefeltre-300x166.jpg\" alt=\"View of the Studiolo of Federico da Montefeltro\" width=\"300\" height=\"166\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.facsimilefinder.com\/articles\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/11\/Studiolo_Montefeltre-300x166.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.facsimilefinder.com\/articles\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/11\/Studiolo_Montefeltre.jpg 706w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">View of the Studiolo of Federico da Montefeltro<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Currently, the collection is no longer located in Urbino, as it was moved to the <strong>Biblioteca Apostolica Vaticana<\/strong> where each volume is dearly taken care of, however, the actual library and its essence remain in the <strong>Palazzo Ducale of Urbino<\/strong>, which oozes with the Duke&#8217;s personality at every turn, just think of his <em>studiolo<\/em>, entering the room leaves most of the people breathless.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Scholars have long studied the figure of Federico and his library and it has been estimated that, before 1464, his library contained &#8220;only&#8221; about 100 volumes (still more than the average number of books that many of us read in a lifetime), however, the Duke of Urbino was an <strong>exceptional bibliophile<\/strong> and he was not going to stop at that. So, the situation quickly changed in the following years and, by the time of his death, his library contained more than 900 volumes, roughly divided like so:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>600 volumes in Latin or Vernacular<\/li>\n<li>168 in Greek<\/li>\n<li>82 in Hebrew<\/li>\n<li>2 in Arabic<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>This we know not only from the physical listing of each manuscript but also thanks to the Indice Vecchio, an inventory drafted by the librarian <strong>Guidubaldo da Montefeltro<\/strong> around 1487.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_5067\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" ><a href=\"https:\/\/www.facsimilefinder.com\/articles\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/11\/bible-of-federico-da-montefeltro-facsimile-edition-01-3.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-5067 size-large\" src=\"https:\/\/www.facsimilefinder.com\/articles\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/11\/bible-of-federico-da-montefeltro-facsimile-edition-01-3-1024x448.jpg\" alt=\"Border decoration on the Bibbia of Federico da Montefeltro\" width=\"1024\" height=\"448\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.facsimilefinder.com\/articles\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/11\/bible-of-federico-da-montefeltro-facsimile-edition-01-3-1024x448.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.facsimilefinder.com\/articles\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/11\/bible-of-federico-da-montefeltro-facsimile-edition-01-3-300x131.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.facsimilefinder.com\/articles\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/11\/bible-of-federico-da-montefeltro-facsimile-edition-01-3-768x336.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Border decoration on the Bible of Federico da Montefeltro<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Albeit a man of great charisma, Federico did not succeed in this endeavor all on his own \u2013 an Italian saying goes: <em>Anche la regina ha bisogno della vicina<\/em>, which in English would be: Even the queen herself might need a hand by her neighbors \u2013 in this case the neighbor being <strong>Vespasiano da Bisticci<\/strong>, a humanist writer who helped the Duke create and develop this magnificent library. As to the value of the volumes contained in the library, he writes:<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>In quella libraria i libri tutti sono belli in superlativo grado, tutti iscritti a penna, e non ve n&#8217;\u00e8 ignuno a stampa, ch\u00e8 se ne sarebbe vergognato, tutti miniati elegantissimamente, et non v&#8217;\u00e8 ignuno che non sia scritto in cavretto<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>which for the <em>very few&nbsp;<\/em>of you who do not speak Italian roughly translates: &#8220;the library contained books that were all superlative, all handwritten, and there is not a printed volume, for he would have been ashamed, they are lavishly illuminated, and there is not one that isn&#8217;t written on kidskin&#8221;. Vespasian knew what he was talking about as he is considered to be one of the most important booksellers of the <strong>Quattrocento<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<div class=\"tiled-gallery type-rectangular tiled-gallery-unresized\" data-original-width=\"720\" data-carousel-extra='null' itemscope itemtype=\"http:\/\/schema.org\/ImageGallery\" > <div class=\"gallery-row\" style=\"width: 720px; height: 241px;\" data-original-width=\"720\" data-original-height=\"241\" > <div class=\"gallery-group images-1\" style=\"width: 360px; height: 241px;\" data-original-width=\"360\" data-original-height=\"241\" > <div class=\"tiled-gallery-item tiled-gallery-item-large\" itemprop=\"associatedMedia\" itemscope itemtype=\"http:\/\/schema.org\/ImageObject\"> <a href=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.facsimilefinder.com\/articles\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/11\/bible-of-federico-da-montefeltro-facsimile-edition-01-2.jpg?ssl=1\" border=\"0\" itemprop=\"url\"> <meta itemprop=\"width\" content=\"356\"> <meta itemprop=\"height\" content=\"237\"> <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"\" data-attachment-id=\"5065\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/www.facsimilefinder.com\/articles\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/11\/bible-of-federico-da-montefeltro-facsimile-edition-01-2.jpg\" data-orig-size=\"2100,1400\" data-comments-opened=\"\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;Giovanni Scorcioni&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;1497955691&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;\\u00a9 2010-2016 Facsimile Finder&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;bible-of-federico-da-montefeltro&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"bible-of-federico-da-montefeltro\" data-image-description=\"\" data-medium-file=\"https:\/\/www.facsimilefinder.com\/articles\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/11\/bible-of-federico-da-montefeltro-facsimile-edition-01-2-300x200.jpg\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/www.facsimilefinder.com\/articles\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/11\/bible-of-federico-da-montefeltro-facsimile-edition-01-2-1024x683.jpg\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.facsimilefinder.com\/articles\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/11\/bible-of-federico-da-montefeltro-facsimile-edition-01-2.jpg?w=356&#038;h=237&#038;ssl=1\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.facsimilefinder.com\/articles\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/11\/bible-of-federico-da-montefeltro-facsimile-edition-01-2.jpg 2100w, https:\/\/www.facsimilefinder.com\/articles\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/11\/bible-of-federico-da-montefeltro-facsimile-edition-01-2-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.facsimilefinder.com\/articles\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/11\/bible-of-federico-da-montefeltro-facsimile-edition-01-2-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.facsimilefinder.com\/articles\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/11\/bible-of-federico-da-montefeltro-facsimile-edition-01-2-1024x683.jpg 1024w\" width=\"356\" height=\"237\" loading=\"lazy\" data-original-width=\"356\" data-original-height=\"237\" itemprop=\"http:\/\/schema.org\/image\" title=\"bible-of-federico-da-montefeltro\" alt=\"Large-format miniature from the Bible of Federico da Montefeltro\" style=\"width: 356px; height: 237px;\" \/> <\/a> <div class=\"tiled-gallery-caption\" itemprop=\"caption description\"> Large-format miniature from the Bible of Federico da Montefeltro <\/div> <\/div> <\/div> <!-- close group --> <div class=\"gallery-group images-1\" style=\"width: 360px; height: 241px;\" data-original-width=\"360\" data-original-height=\"241\" > <div class=\"tiled-gallery-item tiled-gallery-item-large\" itemprop=\"associatedMedia\" itemscope itemtype=\"http:\/\/schema.org\/ImageObject\"> <a href=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.facsimilefinder.com\/articles\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/11\/bible-of-federico-da-montefeltro-facsimile-edition-01.jpg?ssl=1\" border=\"0\" itemprop=\"url\"> <meta itemprop=\"width\" content=\"356\"> <meta itemprop=\"height\" content=\"237\"> <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"\" data-attachment-id=\"5066\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/www.facsimilefinder.com\/articles\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/11\/bible-of-federico-da-montefeltro-facsimile-edition-01.jpg\" data-orig-size=\"2100,1400\" data-comments-opened=\"\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;Giovanni Scorcioni&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;1497950167&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;\\u00a9 2010-2016 Facsimile Finder&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;bible-of-federico-da-montefeltro&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"bible-of-federico-da-montefeltro\" data-image-description=\"\" data-medium-file=\"https:\/\/www.facsimilefinder.com\/articles\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/11\/bible-of-federico-da-montefeltro-facsimile-edition-01-300x200.jpg\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/www.facsimilefinder.com\/articles\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/11\/bible-of-federico-da-montefeltro-facsimile-edition-01-1024x683.jpg\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.facsimilefinder.com\/articles\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/11\/bible-of-federico-da-montefeltro-facsimile-edition-01.jpg?w=356&#038;h=237&#038;ssl=1\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.facsimilefinder.com\/articles\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/11\/bible-of-federico-da-montefeltro-facsimile-edition-01.jpg 2100w, https:\/\/www.facsimilefinder.com\/articles\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/11\/bible-of-federico-da-montefeltro-facsimile-edition-01-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.facsimilefinder.com\/articles\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/11\/bible-of-federico-da-montefeltro-facsimile-edition-01-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.facsimilefinder.com\/articles\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/11\/bible-of-federico-da-montefeltro-facsimile-edition-01-1024x683.jpg 1024w\" width=\"356\" height=\"237\" loading=\"lazy\" data-original-width=\"356\" data-original-height=\"237\" itemprop=\"http:\/\/schema.org\/image\" title=\"bible-of-federico-da-montefeltro\" alt=\"Double-page opening of Bible di Federico da Montefeltro\" style=\"width: 356px; height: 237px;\" \/> <\/a> <div class=\"tiled-gallery-caption\" itemprop=\"caption description\"> Double-page opening of Bible di Federico da Montefeltro <\/div> <\/div> <\/div> <!-- close group --> <\/div> <!-- close row --> <\/div>\n<p>The library contained several works of art, among which one certainly stands out both in terms of size and value, the <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.facsimilefinder.com\/facsimiles\/bible-of-federico-da-montefeltro-facsimile\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Bible of Federico da Montefeltro<\/a><\/strong>. This manuscript, part of the Florentine group of the library (circa 300 volumes), was created around 1477 by Francesco di Antonio del Chierico, an artist active in Florence&nbsp;and who was generously \u2018loaned\u2019 to the&nbsp;<strong>Duke of Urbino&nbsp;<\/strong>by<strong>&nbsp;Lorenzo de\u2019 Medici.<\/strong><\/p>\n<div class=\"block-hl centre\"><span class=\"block-hl-line\"><\/span>For more info about this lavishly illuminated manuscript <a href=\"https:\/\/www.facsimilefinder.com\/facsimiles\/bible-of-federico-da-montefeltro-facsimile\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><strong>check it out<\/strong><\/a>!<span class=\"block-hl-line\"><\/span><\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>In occasion of Federico da Montefeltro&#8217;s death anniversary, we though to celebrate this great patron of Renaissance with a short trip to his palace and his library in Urbino.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":6448,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[7,4],"tags":[290,261,241,20,291],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v22.9 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>The Library of Federico da Montefeltro<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"In occasion of Federico da Montefeltro&#039;s death anniversary, we though to celebrate this great patron of Renaissance with a short trip to his palace and his library in Urbino.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, 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